brutality, most russians revered him for leading to victory over the nazis and turning backwards russia into a modern industrial state. while the public mourned, the new soviet leaders created the onerous ghost of a man who ruled their lives like an ancient czar for 30 years decided to maintain tensions with the capitalist west. >> but that period, you know, in the '50s, late '40s, early '50s was the rise of oliver mccarthyism, the nuclear h-bomb. such a traumatic history in american history. >> i lived through it, like you did probably. >> absolutely, i'm a boomer. >> it's a chance to go back, actually, when i was about 35, 40 years old, i started to change my views. i grew up in new york, very republican, very conservative upbringing, my father was a stockbroker and later in my life i went to see peter one day and i wanted to ask him how did the atomic bomb really get started, because we all treated like it had to be dropped, ended the war, there's no -- so the question bugged me, and we got into the story of how the bomb was dropped. that leads to so many other questions about world